alpha square and beta square is equal to
If α and β are the roots of the polynomial ax2 + bx + c = 0, then
α2 + β2 = (α + β)2 – 2αβ
Sum of the roots, α + β = –b/a
Product of the roots, αβ = c/a
α2 + β2 = (–b/a)2 – 2(c/a) = (b2/a2) – 2(c/a) = (b2 – 2ac)/a2