derive structure of glucose - Chemistry - Biomolecules

Question

derive structure of glucose?

Priya G N · Accepted Answer

Structure of Glucose Glucose is a monosaccharide with formula C6H12O6 or H-(C=O)-(CHOH)5-H, whose five hydroxyl (OH) groups are arranged in a specific way along its six-carbon backbone The glucose structure can exist in an open-chain (acyclic) and ring (cyclic) form The functional groups are the aldehyde and hydroxyl groups Because of these polar functional groups, glucose (and other monosaccharides) are highly soluble in water Linear glucose has four chiral carbons (C2 to C5) The hydroxyls on C-2, C-4, and C-5 must be on the right side, while that on C-3 must be on the left side This is the structure of D-glucose (dextrose-the usual form of glucose found in nature is dextrarotatory) and the other way round for L-glucose (Fructose â€“ is levorotatory)

D-glucose In the open chain form an intramolecular reaction between the aldehyde C1 atom and the C-5 hydroxyl group forms an intramolecular hemiacetal An equilibrium state is found in both the forms in water solution Cyclic form of glucose contains 5 carbon and one oxygen atoms, which resembles to form the structure of pyran, it is also referred to as glucopyranose The pyran ring has carbon linked to a hydroxyl side group The fifth carbon atom is linked to a sixth carbon atom outside the ring, forming a CH2OH group