Divergent evolution leads to homologous structures. Explain with the help of an example.

Forelimbs of mammals is a classical example of homology and divergent evolution. It clearly demonstrates how divergent evolution leads to the development of homologous structures. For example whales, cheetah, bat and human all are mammals and they all have similar pattern of bones in their forelimbs.  In these animals forelimbs, although, are adapted to perform different functions but anatomically all of them have humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges in their forelimbs. Thus inspite of their different needs as per their different living environment, all of them have developed similar structure of their forelimbs. This is called divergent evolution and such structures which developed along different directions of evolution are called homologous organs.

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