Explain the role of DNA in the inheritance of characters, with reference to the use of protein.

Reproduction is a characteristic feature of all living organisms. It involves the creation of organelles, cells, or organisms of the same kind.

Reproduction is necessary for the survival of a particular species. During reproduction, the information for inheritance of characteristics is passed on from the parents to the offsprings in the form of DNA.

DNA

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is a genetic material found in the chromosomes, which are present in the nucleus of a cell. It is a chemical, which carries genetic information required by the cells to divide and produce proteins.

DNA is made up of genes. Genes are the segments of DNA which provide information for carrying out the regular metabolic activity of a cell. For example, DNA contains the information on how to make the proteins of the cells. The proteins, in turn, control the chemical reactions of the cells and provide structural support to both the cells and tissues. Therefore, it is the DNA that decides the formation of the structural, enzymatic, hormonal, and other components in an organism. Genes are responsible for the physical appearance and body functions of an organism by forming proteins.