Formula of finding hybridisation of a compound??

 

Hybridisation of a molecule or an ion can be predicted by making  use of the following formula.

 

Number of Hybrid orbitals (H)=n

=1/2[group no central atom +no of atoms attached to central metal atom (like H , Cl, F.except O) + magnitude of negative charge - magnitude of positive charge]

   

  For example,

  BeF2:  H=1/2[2 + 2 -0 + 0] = 2 ; Hybridisation : sp

   CH4:  H = 1/2[4 + 4 – 0 +0] =4  ; Hybridisation : sp3

  BF3:  H= 1/2[3 + 3 -0 + 0] = 3  ; Hybridisation : sp2

  SF6:  H= 1/2[6+ 6 - 0 + 0] = 6  ;  Hybridisation: sp3d2

  PCl5H=1/2[5+5 – 0 + 0] = 5 ; Hybridisation: sp3d

   NH4+H= 1/2[ 5+ 4 – 1 +0] = 4 ; Hybridisation =sp3

  CO32-: H=1/2[4+ 0 -0 +2] = 3 ; Hybridisation = sp2

  NO3-:  H=1/2[5 + 0 -0+1] =3; Hybridisation = sp2

  The above formula cannot be used for predicting hybridisation state of complex ions.

 

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