HELLO, I AM FACING A PROBLEM WITH THE CONCEPT ATMOSPHERIC REFRACTION. PLEASE  EXPLAIN ME ABOUT EFFCTS OF ATMOSPHERIC REFRACTION

Hi Gspriyu!

As light passes through different layers of the atmosphere, it refracts. The densities of different layers of the atmosphere are different and this causes the refraction of light as it passes from one layer to other. This is known as atmospheric refraction.

The effects of atmospheric refractions are: Early sunrise and delayed sun set, twinkling of stars, mirage etc.