how are diamonds formed in nature
Dear Student,
Diamond begins its journey of formation from the upper mantle of the earth's crust.
You remeber we have studied that the earth is believed to be made of three distinct layers? These are the crust, the mantle and the core. The core is again believed to have inner and outer cores.
Mantle is the layer where the birth of diamond actually takes place. This is at a considerable depth (120 miles approx.) below the earth's surface. diamond is nothing but an allotropic form of carbon only. The carbon that makes diamond is a result of melting of pre-existing rocks in the upper mantle. Dear Studentgh temperature and pressure conditions force the carbon to move down where it finally melts. A stage comes when the temperature drops and some pressure gets released. This occurs due to some natural phenomenon such as tectonic movements (a term used in geology which means the movement of layers or plates inside the earth's crust). The correct combination of pressure and temperature makes the molten material solidify to form diamonds and come somewhere near the earth's surface. The diamond is then mined.