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How does conduction and

Convection occur?

 

Hi! @Shanmuga
 
Conduction:
The transfer of heat in the direction of heat flow from one molecule to another without actual displacement of molecules from their mean position is called conduction. Remember, molecules may vibrate at their position but never get displaced (unless change of state occurs). For example, when one end of an iron rod is heated, the other end also got heated in a short time, due to the conduction of heat.
 
Convection:
The transfer of heat from higher temperature to lower temperature with the actual movement of molecules is called convection. Convection takes place only in liquids and gases. Example: When an iron box is working, we can feel warmth without touching it, from a short distance. This is due to the convection of heat by the air near to the iron box.

@Shruthi: Good answer, keep it up!!
Cheers!!

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conduction

the transfer of heat in the direction of heat flow from one molecule to another without movement of molecules from their mean position is called conduction.

convection

the transfer of heat from higher temperature to lower temperature with actual movement of molecules is called convection

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Conduction is the transfer of heat energy because of temperature difference. It always takes place through a medium. This means that heat energy is transmitted from one molecule to another; the same molecule does not travel the entire length to transmit heat. Solids are better conductors than liquids or gases. This is because in solid molecules are very closely packed, so it is easier for them to transmit heat to the next molecule. Solids always transmit heat from one molecule to another by vibrations. This is because molecules in solids do not have any space for movement (as we studied in the kinetic theory of matter). An example of conduction from our daily lives is the use of clippers for lifting hot utensils off a stove, even when the utensils are actually only heated from below.

Convection

Convection is the transmission of heat energy by the movement of heated particles. As the movement of heated particles is necessary for convection, it does not take place in solids. It is only liquids and gases that transmit heat energy through convection. An example of convection would be the one mentioned before—holding your palm over the flame of a candle. You can feel the heat of the candle flame from a distance because air molecules in between the palm and the flame transmit heat energy by their movement.

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