As you all know, the Earth rotates on its axis which is an imaginary line. The endpoints of the axis of the earth are called the Poles. The pole which points towards the Pole Star is called the North Pole. The other is the South Pole. The two poles can be used as two fixed points. Further, they help us to identify the three different zones of the earth: frigid, temperate and torrid. Now that we can locate/identify the zone in which the particular place is, we can locate that place on the globe.
Hope it helps :)