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How to distinguish between: 1) aliphatic and aromatic amines ?

2)aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes?

3)aliphatic and aromatic alcohols?

4) aliphatic and aromatic ketones?

1. Aromatic amine, aniline with benzene diazonium chloride gives p-Aminoazobenzene which is yellow dye

while this is not given by a aliphatic amine

2. Aliphatic aldehyde shows Fehling test while aromatic aldehyde does not response to this test.

3. Aromatic alcohol, phenol gives Br2 water test but aliphatic not

4. Aliphatic ketones like acetone or acetophenon can give iodoform  test while benzophenone does not.

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  1. diazonium salt ......aliphatic amines are unstable while aromatic amines are comparitively stable
  2. tollens reagent ,fehlings solution...aromatic aldehydes do not respond to the test
  3. blue litmus turns red for aromatic alcohols while no reaction is observed in the case of aliphatic alcohols
  4. iodoform test
  5.  
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  1. Carbyl amine test
  2. Fehling test  - aromatic doesnot give this test
  3. blue litmus or FeCl3 solution
  4. iodoform test
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amine group attttached to a aliphatic ring is called aliphatic amine

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