If pth,qth,rth terms of an A.P. are a,b,c respectively,prove that a(q-r)+b(r-p)+c(p-q)=0.

Let common difference of series be 'd',

So, Let first term be A,

So pth term of the series = A + (p-1)d

or, a = A + (p-1)d........(1)

 

Also, qth term of the series = A + (q-1)d

or, b = A + (q-1)d....... (2) 

 

Similarly, rth term of the series = A + (r-1)d

or, c = A + (r-1)d....... (3)

Now, 

L.H.S. = a(q-r) + b(r-p) +c(p-q)

= (A+pd-d)(q-r) + (A+qd-d)(r-p) + (A+rd-d)(p-q)

= Aq - Ar + pqd - pdr - dq + dr + Ar - Ap + qrd - pqd - dr + dp + Ap - Aq + pdr - qrd -dp + dq

= Aq - Ar + pqd - pdr - dq + dr + Ar - Ap + qrd - pqd - dr + dp + Ap - Aq + pdr - qrd -dp + dq

= o = R.H.S.

        Proved

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Ap = A+ (p-1)d=a   --->(1)

Aq = A +(q-1)d = b  --->(2)

 Ar = A+(r-1)d = c  ---->(3)

multiplying (1) by (q-r ), (2) by (r-p) & (3) by (p-q )

we get

A (q-r ) + (p-1)(q-r) d= a(q-r)

A(r-p ) + (q-1)(r-p)d = b(r-p)

A(p-q) + (r-1( p-q) d =  c(p-q)

by adding these

A(q-r + r-p + p-q) + d(pq - pr - q + r - qp - r + qr  + p + rp - rq -p + q   )  = a(q-r) +b(r-p) + c(p-q)

  A(0) + d(0) =a(q-r) +b(r-p) + c(p-q)

therefore

a(q-r) +b(r-p) + c(p-q)  =0

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