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in a high jump event why dothe athletes are made to fall on a sand bed or on a cushioned bed?

This is done to prevent injury. Sand/cushion allow you to slowly sink into them (not completely but just slightly).
We know ' Force = mass * acceleration' 
Through this we understand force is directly proportional to acceleration.
We also know ' (v-u) /t = a. Through this we understand acceleration s inversely proportional to time.
When athletes jump from a high place, the force is big and so is the acceleration. When they fall on a cushioned bed, the time to come to complete rest is increased, therefore the acceleration is decreased ( stated above) and so there is hardly / no injury happens
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 IN THE CASE OF A HIGH JUMP ATHELETS ARE MADE TO FALL ON A SAND BED OR ON A CUSHIONED BED BECAUSE IN A HIGH JUMP THE ATHELETHAS  A VERY LARGE MOMENTUM AS HE /SHE FALLS WITH A GREATER HEIGHT SO HAS A VERY LARGE MOMENTUM . DUE TO WHICH HE CAN GET INJURY .  

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why a high jumper on a cushion mat?

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In a high jump atheletes are made to fall on sand or cushioned beds because they fall from great heights and these beds reduce the impact of impulse.
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BECAUSE THE FALLS FROM GREAT HEIGHTS
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If the athletes are made to fall on a hard surface,they would come to rest quickly in small time ,and thus the force acting on it is large and the athletes get hurt.
But, if the athletes are made to fall on a sand bed, they would experience much less pain as the sand slowly drifts away, and the athletes come slowly to rest, and the force acting on it is smaller
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Athelets are made to fall on cusion beds or sand beds so that it gives time for the momentum to come to zero and they dont get hurt.
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     momentum is the product of mass and velocity its SI unit is unit kg m/s
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When an athlete falls on a soft landing site like a cushioned bed,then the athlete takes a longer time to stop.The rate of change of momentum of the athlete is less due to which a smaller force will act on him.So,he does not get injured and the cushioned bed reduces momentum. If the athlete is made to fall on a hard surface like a cemented floor,then his momentum is reduced to zero in very less time and thus rate of change of momentum increases due to which large opposing force will act on the athlete which can cause serious injuries.
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