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 MORE ABOUT PLASMA AND BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE.

HOW PLASMA SCREEN AND PLASMA RELATED?

Hi Anjali!

Plasma is the fourth state of matter. In plasma state, matter exists as ionized atoms and free electrons and free protons. An example of plasma state is the surface of Sun. The lightning we see is an example of plasma state on Earth.

The plasma display contains millions of small cells filled with noble gases. When these cells are energized, the noble gas becomes in the plasma state. That is why these displays are called plasma displays.

Bose-Einstein condensate is referred to as the fifth state of matter. When bosonic atoms are cooled to a very low temperature, they condense into a lowest accessible quantum state, resulting in the formation of a new state of matter. This state is known as Bose –Einstein condensate.

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 Blood plasma is the yellow liquid component of blood in which the blood cells in whole blood are normally suspended. It makes up about 55% of the total blood volume. It is the intravascular fluid part of extracellular fluid (all body fluid outside of cells). It is mostly water (93% by volume) and contains dissolved proteins, glucose, clotting factors, mineral ions, hormones and carbon dioxide (plasma being the main medium for excretory product transportation). Blood plasma is prepared by spinning a tube of fresh blood containing an anti-coagulant in a centrifuge until the blood cells fall to the bottom of the tube. The blood plasma is then poured or drawn off.[1] Blood plasma has a density of approximately 1025 kg/m3, or 1.025 kg/l.[2]

Blood serum is blood plasma without fibrinogen or the other clotting factors (i.e., whole blood minus both the cells and the clotting factors).[1]

Plasmapheresis is a medical therapy that involves blood plasma extraction, treatment, and reintegration.

 

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 A Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter of a dilute gas of weakly interacting bosons confined in an external potential and cooled to temperatures very near absolute zero (0 K or−273.15 °C[1]). Under such conditions, a large fraction of the bosons occupy the lowest quantum state of the external potential, at which point quantum effects become apparent on amacroscopic scale.[examples needed]

This state of matter was first predicted by Satyendra Nath Bose and Albert Einstein in 1924–25. Bose first sent a paper to Einstein on the quantum statistics of light quanta (now calledphotons). Einstein was impressed, translated the paper himself from English to German and submitted it for Bose to the Zeitschrift für Physik which published it. Einstein then extended Bose's ideas to material particles (or matter) in two other papers.[2]

Seventy years later, the first gaseous condensate was produced by Eric Cornell and Carl Wieman in 1995 at the University of Colorado at Boulder NIST-JILA lab, using a gas of rubidium atoms cooled to 170 nanokelvin (nK) [3] (1.7×10−7
 K). For their achievements Cornell, Wieman, and Wolfgang Ketterle at MIT received the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physics.[4] In November 2010 the first photon BEC was observed.[5]

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 plasma is a state of matter similar to gas in which a certain portion of the particles are ionized. The basic premise is that heating a gas dissociates itsmolecular bonds, rendering it into its constituent atoms. Further heating leads to ionization (a loss of electrons), turning it into a plasma: containing charged particles, positive ions and negative electrons.[1]

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Bose Einstein condensate emerged in 1995 as an example of an incredibly cold fifth state of matter, a superfluid. Our universe is composed of gas, liquid, solid, and plasma, but physics predicts another form of matter that does not exist naturally. The particles in Bose Einstein condensate have the coldest temperature possible, 0 degrees Kelvin, or absolute zero. Consequently, particles in this state display unique, even bizarre, characteristics.

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