plz!!!!!!!!!!!! give me uses of acids bases and salts 6pages=12pages ?
Acids Bases and Salts Use
You must have tasted a piece of orange or a slice of lemon.
The sour taste of an orange or lemon is because of the presence of acids in them.
Acids could be easily identified by their typical sour taste.
These could be found in many of the available substances, including food.
Some common examples include the citric acid present in citrus fruits like oranges and lemons and acetic acid in vinegar.
Some acids are widely used in the laboratory like hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid and nitric acid.
Human body also contains a very common acid that is dilute hydrochloric acid in stomach, which helps us digest our food.
Any substances which ionize in water solutions to produce a hydrogen ion (H+) are known as acid.
They are sour and react with metal to release hydrogen gas. For example; hydrochloric acid dissolved in water to produce hydronium ion and chloride ion.
HCl + H2O ==> H3O+ + Cl-
Citrus fruits like lemon, lime and grapefruit contain citric acid which is widely used as flavouring agent, preservative and cleaning agent.
Citric acid is also used in many other products.
It acts as a preservative in foods, and is even used in production of hair cleaners or gels and low –pH shampoos and toothpastes.
In fact, Carboxylic acids are also used industrially in the use of fatty acids for making soaps, detergents and shampoos.
Other acid like sulfuric acid is most widely used in automobile industries for car batteries and for removing rust from metal surface.
Nitric Acid is used in the manufacture of fertilizers, plastics and dyes.
Some common acids with their formula and uses are as follows;
Apart from acid, bases are substance which releases hydroxyl ion (OH-) in their aqueous solution.
In our everyday life, bases are found in household cleaners, soap, toothpaste, egg whites, dishwashing liquids and household ammonia.
They are also present in urine, blood, and intestinal fluid, and other things that we intake like dairy and "TUMS". Blood is also slightly basic in nature.
Sodium hydroxide which is also known as caustic soda and usually exists as semi-spherical pellets is most common base.
NaOH (sodium hydroxide) quickly reacts with the carbon dioxide in air, to form sodium carbonate.
It is used in many industries, mostly as a strong base in paper and textiles industries, in manufacturing of soaps and detergents and as a drain cleaner. Some other bases with their uses are as follows;
The reaction of an acid and a bases yields two products; water and an ionic compound known as salt.
This kind of reaction is called a neutralization reaction.
For examples; sodium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid and form sodium chloride and water.
Na+ OH- + H+Cl- ==> H2O + Na+Cl–
Because the salt produced in reaction is ionic in nature hence exists in the form of ions just as it did before the reaction.
The most common salt is sodium chloride or table salt which produced from the neutralization reaction of sodium hydroxide (base) and hydrochloric acid.
Sodium chloride is mainly used as a raw material in the preparation of other salts such as NaHCO3, Na2CO3, NaOH etc.
The most common salt of sodium is sodium carbonate or soda (Na2CO3) used in manufacturing of glass.
It is also used in water purification and sewage treatment systems.
Other examples include epsom salts (MgSO4) used in bath salts, ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) used as a fertiliser and baking soda (NaHCO3) used for making breads, cakes and cookies.
Ammonium sulphate or ammonium nitrate salts are important agro-chemical fertilisers for better plant growth.
Harmful acidic sulphur dioxide gas that emerges as a waste product from power station smoke can be absorbed by basic calcium hydroxide solutions to form harmless calcium sulphate.