Login

 short note on human respiratory system

 

Solution:

Respiratory system is responsible for the process of respiration.  It involves exchange of gases, i.e, oxygen and carbon dioxide between body and surrounding.  The body can't store oxygen, so, it is vital process and it is occurs all the time..  
The body takes up oxygen and passes it to whole body through blood.
Respiratory system is divided into 2 major parts, upper respiratory tract and lower respiratory tract.  
Upper respiratory tract is composed of nose, pharynx and larynx.
Nasal cavity traps the dust particles.  Air passes to lungs through pharynx, and larynx is essential for speech


Lower respiratory tract is composed of the trachea, the lungs, and bronchioles including alveoli.
Trachea is the main pathway to lungs.  Lungs are main site of gaseous exchange, they gives oxygen to capillaries and exhale carbon dioxide, Bronchii supplies the lungs with air.  Bronchiole are the branches of bronchus.  They further branches into primary and secondary bronchioles.  And they finally terminate into alveoli.  Diaphragm contracts and relaxes to allow air into the lungs.

  • 13
View Full Answer

The air from the environment is inhaled by us through our nose , the nose contains small hair and mucus which filters the air, moistens it and brings the temperature of the air to the body temperature from the nasal passage the air then goes in the pharnyx and then into the larnyx (adam's apple). afterwards it goes into the trachea, trachea is surrounded by 'C' shaped cartilagenous structures that deos not let the windpipe collapse when the air goes in it. the trachea the divides into 2 brochi'sright and left. each bronchi then devides into smaller brochioles in each lung which ultimately divides into alveoli, these are covered with blood capillaries which diffuse the gases. Oxygen mixes with the blood and carbon dioxide is released and exhaled out.
hope this helps :) ! 

  • 7

he function of the human respiratory system is to transport air into the lungs and to facilitate the diffusion of Oxygen into the blood stream. Its also receives waste Carbon Dioxide from the blood and exhales it.

The respiratory system consists of the following parts, divided into the upper and lower respiratory tracts:

Parts of the Upper Respiratory Tract

  • Mouth, nose & nasal cavity: The function of this part of the system is to warm, filter and moisten the incoming air


  • Pharynx: Here the throat divides into the trachea (wind pipe) and oesophagus (food pipe). There is also a small flap of cartilage called the epiglottis which prevents food from entering the trachea


  • Larynx: This is also known as the voice box as it is where sound is generated. It also helps protect the trachea by producing a strong cough reflex if any solid objects pass the epiglottis.

    • Respiratory System Picture Diagram

     

    Parts of the Lower Respiratory Tract

    • Trachea: Also known as the windpipe this is the tube which carries air from the throat into the lungs. It ranges from 20-25mm in diameter and 10-16cm in length. They are not complete circles due to the position of the oesophagus immediately behind the trachea and the need for the trachea to partially collapse to allow the expansion of the oesophagus when swallowing large pieces of food.


    • Bronchi: The trachea divides into two tubes called bronchi, one entering the left and one entering the right lung. The left bronchi is narrower, longer and more horizontal than the right. Irregular rings of cartilage surround the bronchi, whose walls also consist of smooth muscle. Once inside the lung the bronchi split several ways, forming tertiary bronchi.


    • Bronchioles: Tertiary bronchi continue to divide and become bronchioles, very narrow tubes, less than 1 millimeter in diameter. There is no cartilage within the bronchioles and they lead to alveolar sacs.


    • Alveoli: Individual hollow cavities contained within alveolar sacs (or ducts). Alveoli have very thin walls which permit the exchange of gases Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide. They are surrounded by a network of capillaries, into which the inspired gases pass. There are approximately 3 million alveoli within an average adult lung.


    • Diaphragm: The diaphragm is a broad band of muscle which sits underneath the lungs, attaching to the lower ribs, sternum and lumbar spine and forming the base of the thoracic cavity.
    •  
  • 6

Human respiration


Includes the nose, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and alveoli


Bronchioles divide to form many alveoli


Alveoli are sites of gas exchange


O2 present in alveolar blood vessels transported to body cells


Hemoglobin is the respiratory pigment present in blood is mainly responsible for the


transport of carbon dioxide and oxygen.

  • 3

The function of the human respiratory system is to transport air into the lungs and to facilitate the diffusion of Oxygen into the bloodstream. Its also receives waste Carbon Dioxide from the blood and exhales it.

The respiratory system consists of the following parts, divided into the upper and lower respiratory tracts:

Parts of the Upper Respiratory Tract

  • Mouth, nose nasal cavity:The function of this part of the system is to warm, filter and moisten the incoming air
  • Pharynx:Here the throat divides into the trachea (wind pipe) and oesophagus (food pipe). There is also a small flap of cartilage called the epiglottis which prevents food from entering the trachea.
  • Larynx:This is also known as the voice box as it is where sound is generated. It also helps protect the trachea by producing a strong cough reflex if any solid objects pass the epiglottis.
    • arts of the Lower Respiratory Tract
    • Trachea:Also known as the windpipe this is the tube which carries air from the throat into the lungs. It ranges from 20-25mm in diameter and 10-16cm in length. They are not complete circles due to the position of the oesophagus immediately behind the trachea and the need for the trachea to partially collapse to allow the expansion of the oesophagus when swallowing large pieces of food.
    • Bronchi:The trachea divides into two tubes called bronchi, one entering the left and one entering the right lung. The left bronchi is narrower, longer and more horizontal than the right. Irregular rings of cartilage surround the bronchi, whose walls also consist of smooth muscle. Once inside the lung the bronchi split several ways, forming tertiary bronchi.
    • Bronchioles:Tertiary bronchi continue to divide and become bronchioles, very narrow tubes, less than 1 millimeter in diameter. There is no cartilage within the bronchioles and they lead to alveolar sacs.
    • Alveoli:Individual hollow cavities contained within alveolar sacs (or ducts). Alveoli have very thin walls which permit theexchange of gasesOxygen and Carbon Dioxide. They are surrounded by a network ofcapillaries, into which the inspired gases pass. There are approximately 3 million alveoli within an average adult lung.
    • Diaphragm:The diaphragm is a broad band of muscle which sits underneath the lungs, attaching to the lower ribs, sternum and lumbar spine and forming the base of the thoracic cavity.
  • 4
What are you looking for?