sir please explain me fractional crystalization


Fractional crystallization is the  process  of  separating  the  components  of  a  solution  on the basis  of  their  different solubilities, by means of evaporating the solution until the least soluble component crystallizes out.  If a mixture of two or more substances in solution is allowed to crystallize by allowing the temperature of the solution to decrease, the precipitate will contain more of the least soluble substance. For example, If the solution contain ammonium sulphate and sodium sulphate both in water . Both the component have different solubilities in water so, they can be separated using fractional crystallization. The mixture is first dissolved in distilled water at 80°C . Then temperature is lowered upto to 60°C for 6-8 hours without any disturbance. Sodium sulphate will be obtained in fillterate as it is more soluble than ammonium sulphate. Ammonium sulphate will be obtained in the precipitate. 

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It works on the priciple of sepeation of one SOLUBLE SOLID from the other SOLUBLE SOLID with widely different solubilities in the particular liquid (solvent)...eg. seperation of pottasium nitrate (more soluble) from potassium chlorate (less soluble) using solvent (water)..

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