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what happens when silver nitrate solution reacts with sodium chloride solution?

When silver nitrate solution is added to sodium chloride solution, sodium nitrate and a white precipitate of silver chloride is formed. This is an example of double displacement reaction. Following is the chemical equation for the reaction

 AgNO3 (aq) + NaCl (aq) → AgCl (↓) + NaNO3 (aq)

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ilver chloride, AgCl, and nitrate ion, NO3-, are formed. AgCl is insoluble so a white precipitate is formed (most chloride salts are white).

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The silver nitrate test that there was an anion present in the solution, that will cause silver cations to precipitate.
Silver usually precipitates as chloride, but also as bromide, iodide and others salts.
As you have used HCl and NaOH solutions, it must be the chloride.

The overall reaction you have had there was:
AgNO3 (aqueous) + NaCl (aqueous) -----> AgCl (white precipitate) + NaNO3 (aqueous)

or, in a ionic form:

Ag+ (aqueous) + Cl- (aqueous) -----> AgCl (white precipitate)
 
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