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what is grafting and layering?

Grafting

In this method, a stem cutting from the desired plant (scion) is inserted on a rooted plant (stock) which is resistant to diseases. These are bound firmly with the help of tape or cloth so that they have vascular continuity.

Examples: Rose, mango, citrus etc.

Grafting

Bud grafting − In this scion of a dormant bud are grafted on to the disease resistant stock. The scions of good coloured roses are grafted on to the stocks of wild rose to produce a better rose variety.

Layering

In this method, the branch of a plant is bent and covered with moist soil called mound. After a few days, roots arise from the underground portion. These separate from the parent plant and grow independently.

Examples: Jasmine, strawberry, bougainvillea etc.

Layering

Layering is of two types − air layering and mound layering

Mound layering − the stem is bent so that node lies beneath the soil. The growing tip remains above the soil. Adventitious roots grow at the node which is cut from the parent plant and grown as in jasmine and strawberry.

Air layering − in this method plants having thick branches that can not be bent are propagated. The stem of such plants are girdled, covered with a moist cotton and is kept in a polythene bag. When adventitious roots start appearing, the branch is cut and planted.

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Layering is a means of asexual plant reproduction. You take a branch or other attached outgrowth of a mother plant and compel it to take root on its own. After the branch develops its own root structure, you can separate the new plant from its mother.
Layering works because the branches and outgrowths of many plants have a tendency to develop “their own” roots when in contact with an appropriate medium. Many plants naturally propagate themselves by layering.
Layering methods include tip layering, compound layering, mound layering, and air layering. Though different in exact implementation, all share common characteristics, including the need to use an appropriate rooting medium.
Plant Reproduction: Grafting
Grafting refers to attaching a part from one plant onto another living plant. This method of plant propagation is often used with trees and other particularly sturdy plants. Grafting is a valuable tool in situations where a particular plant would fail to thrive under other methods.
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grafting is the method of obtaining a superor quality plant from the different plants, like taking the shoot system of one plant and root system of another plant.

2) the stem or the branch that develops roots while stll attached to the parent plant is called layering.
 

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