what is tatpurush and karmdharay samas?

Tatpurush Samas

Isme uttar padh (second word) pradhan hota hai, yaani, mukhya aur poorva padh (first word) gaun hota hai. Jab isme samas hota hai, tabh iska vibhakti gaayabh ho jaata hai.

Iske bedh:-

i) Karma tatpurush: Iske poorva paksh me karma karak ke vibhakti ka lope ho jaata hai. [Vibhakti: Ko]

Udhaharan: swargaprapth - swarga ko prapth.......isme "ko" karma karak hai jiska lope ho jata hai.......

Vaise hi "sharanaagat - sharan ko pahuncha hua".

ii) Karan tatpurush: Iske poorva paksh me karan karak ke vibhakti ka lope ho jaata hai. [Vibhakti: Dwara, Se]

Udhaharan: Tulsikrut - Tulsi dwara krut.......isme "dwara" karan karak hai jiska lope ho jata hai.......

Vaise hi "bhayakul - bhay se aakul".

iii) Sampradhan tatpurush: Iske poorva paksh me sampradhan karak ke vibhakti ka lope ho jaata hai. [Vibhakti: Ke liye]

Udhaharan: Hathghadi - haath ke liye ghadi.......isme "ke liye" sampradhan karak hai jiska lope ho jata hai.......

iv) Apadaan tatpurush: Isme apadaan karak ke vibhakti ka lope ho jaata hai. [Vibhakti: se]

Udhaharan: Bhaybheet - bhay se bheet.......isme "se" apadaan karak hai jiska lope ho jata hai.......

v) Sambandh tatpurush: Isme sambandh karak ke vibhakti ka lope ho jaata hai.[Vibhakti: ki, ka, ke]

Udhaharan: rajsabha - raja ki sabha.......isme "ki" sambandh karak hai jiska lope ho jata hai.......

Vaise hi "senapathi - sena ka pathi" aur "paradheen - par ke aadheen ".

vi) Adikaran tatpurush: Isme adhikaran karak ke vibhakti ka lope ho jaata hai. [Vibhakti: me]

Udhaharan: Snehmagna - sneh me magna.......isme "me" adhikaran karak hai jiska lope ho jata hai.......

Karmadharya Samas

Isme ek padh upameya (it can be an example or a comparison) ya visheshan hota hai aur doosra padh upamaan ya visheshya hota hai.

i) Visheshan - visheshya karmadharya

Udhaharan: Neelgagan - neel gagan ya neela gagan.......

ii) Upmeyopamaan karmadharya

Udhaharan: Kamalnayan - kamal ke samaan nayan.......

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