What was the nature of colonial economy in Vietnam?(4Marks)

The colonial economy in Vietnam was, however, primarily based on rice cultivation and rubber plantations owned by the French and a small Vietnamese elite.

Rail and port facilities were set up to service this sector.

Indentured Vietnamese labour was widely used in the rubber plantations.

The French did little to industrialise the economy.

In the rural areas landlordism spread and the standard of living declined.

there were several barriers to economic growth in Vietnam: high population levels, low agricultural productivity and extensive indebtedness amongst the peasants.

 To reduce rural poverty and increase agricultural productivity it was necessary to carry out land reforms