Which is the most difficult challenge faced by the independent India?

The following points may help you:

a. One of the most difficult challenges confronting Independent India is poverty which continues to hamper the progress of our country.
b.  Due to income disparities poor are not able to mange their basic necessities of life and become victims of poverty.
c. States like Bihar, Orissa  have been amongst the poorest states in India. They have more than 40% of population living below poverty line

d. According to recent figures ( 2013 data ) released by Planning Commission, Poverty in urban areas has been estimated to be 13.7% and in rural areas it is 25.7%.
e. Worst effected would include casual labourers in urban areas, landless farmers in rural areas with most of the them are living under abysmally low conditions, dying of hunger , of starvation . 
f.
 The most vulnerable group in rural areas the schedule caste in rural households  are the worst victims . Likewise, Poverty affects tribal people in forest areas even more, where loss of entitlement to resources has made them even poorer.
g. There are many factors which have led to poverty in India like 
Rapid increase in the population, Failure on part of the agricultural sector to generate employment for farm labourers. Small and landless farmers are the worst victims and hardly have any prospect for growth, regional disparities etc
h. Though Independent India formulated various 
anti poverty progarmmes like like NREGA, NFWP, AAY  many targeted groups are deprived of its benefits due to Lack of proper implementation, growing corruption, red tapism, lack of political will.
i. Presently, 
Poverty is looked into from various dimensions It is no longer confined to economic factors alone.  The concept has broadened to human poverty. A few persons may have been able to feed themselves but if they are without education, without shelter, without health-care, without job security, without self-confidence, without social equality, they are considered poor. If poverty is to be removed in real sense and the people are to be brought above the poverty line, not only that we need to increase their income but also, we have to provide the people with education, shelter, health-care, job-security, respect, dignity all so that they can lead a good quality life.

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