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Write a short note on champaran satyagraha?

Champaran, a district in state of Bihar, was the first of the places where Mahatma Gandhi experimented with his theory of satyagrah in India. Tens of thousands of landless serfs, indentured laborers and poor farmers were forced to grow indigo and other cash crops instead of the food crops necessary for their survival. These goods were bought from them at a very low price. The farmers were given paltry compensation, leaving them mired in extreme poverty. The British levied an oppressive tax which they insisted on increasing in rate. Without food and without money, the situation was growing progressively unlivable and the peasants in Champaran revolted against indigo plant cultivation in 1914 (at Pipra) and 1916(Turkaulia). In this scenario, Mahatma Gandhi took over the leadership and it turned out to be a success.

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  • organised by gandhiji in 1916 to protest against the oppressive plantation system in indigo plantations in bihar
  • Champaran movement was started as a protest against the tortures and the exploitations of the indigo planters in Bihar as well as other parts of the country.
  • This movement had quite a long lasting effect.
  • Mahatma Gandhi was firm in his efforts to bring good days in Champaran of Bihar.
  • The British Government was at last compelled to establish a Committee of Inquiry.
  • The committee was entrusted with the responsibility of examination and submission of report on the conditions of the farmers in Champaran.
  • Mahatma Gandhi was himself a member of that Committee
  • It signed the report on the 3rd of October 1917.
  • This was forwarded to the Government of Bihar.
  • It was then that the Champaran Agrarian Act was passed in March 1918.
  • This brought an end to the exploitation of the indigo planters.
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