can any one tell the names of 4 metals and non-metals with their uses.atleast 10 uses

lakshmi_santhosh asked this question on Class VIII » Science » Materials : Metals and Non-Metals

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Gold’s superior electrical conductivity, malleability, and resistance to corrosion have made it vital to the manufacture of components used in a wide range of electronic products and equipment, including computers, telephones, cellular phones, and home appliances. Gold has extraordinarily high reflective powers that are relied upon in the shielding that protects spacecrafts and satellites from solar radiation and in industrial and medical lasers that use gold-coated reflectors to focus light energy. And because gold is biologically inactive, it has become a vital tool for medical research and is even used in the direct treatment of arthritis and other intractable diseases.

Silver more than other precious metals, has significant demand rooted in sectors as diverse as imaging, electronics, jewelry, coinage, superconductivity and water purification. For this reason, silver is no longer known as just a precious metal, a store of value, a work of art or an industrial metal. It is all of these. Today silver is indispensable, working all around us to improve the quality of our lives.

Uses of Iron in Everyday Life

One of the most important uses of iron ore is in the manufacture of steel. There are hardly a handful of industries that do not use steel in one form or the other. There are about 27 different types of steel. In each of them iron is combined with various other combinations of elements which include carbon, chromium, nickel, silicon, molybdenum and so on. Steel is an excellent material for various forms of construction work. This is because it has strength that can withstand both high pressure as well as temperature. The framework of many buildings, including sky scrapers and bridges, are made of alloyed steel. It is also used in the bodies or frames of heavy carriers like ships and heavy vehicles and heavy machinery. Some automobile parts and machine parts are also made up of steel. Tungsten steels are used for making cutting and drilling tools that are used for cutting metals. An alloy of iron and niobium is exceptionally strong and is used in the constructing of nuclear reactors.

Even in our homes there are several iron uses. Some of the most common uses of iron in homes is in the form of wrought iron and cast iron. This is because it has more resistance towards rust formation, and at the same time it can be molded very easily. For this reason, it is widely used for making outdoor household things like decorative wrought iron fencing, arbors, wrought iron trellis, wrought iron patio furniture and so on. On the other hand, cast iron is an almost an indispensable part of our kitchens. The uniform heating quality of cast iron makes it an ideal choice for manufacturing of skillets. Properly seasoned cast iron cookware can last in the kitchen for generations. It is also used for making many other forms of cookware like cake pans, dutch ovens, cornbread trays and so on. Stainless steel is widely used to make kitchen cutlery, cookware and various kitchen appliances.

Metallic iron possesses natural magnetic properties and hence it is used for making permanent magnets as well as electromagnets. Iron is used as a chemical in the making of various types of dyes, paints and pigments. Iron arsenate is a compound of iron which is used in making of insecticides used for agricultural purpose. Many water purification systems that are used in our kitchen sinks contain iron hydroxide.

Thus, you can see that not all forms of iron uses are visible to our eyes, but it has a significant impact on our day-to-day life directly or indirectly. The main reason why iron has such a huge demand as a metal is that it is not very expensive as compared to other metals, and is also abundantly available on the surface of the earth.

You will find aluminium in safety components of your car, from the seat belt assembly to the anti-lock braking system. You will find it in other places too, your kitchen appliances, your pots and pans, your mobile phone or even in the next aeroplane you fly in.

The applications for aluminium span almost every major industry.

Its strength to weight ratio allows products to be lighter, stronger and more efficient.

Its corrosion resistant properties lend itself to harsh environments, providing low maintenance solutions and ensuring extended product lifecycles.

The many forms aluminium alloys can take, allow it equally to being cast into forms, drawn into tube or strand applications, extruded into intricate profiles or rolled into heavy plate or ultra-thin foils.

In fact it’s hard to imagine how different our lives would be without aluminium.

Additional reading:

Posted by pratiksha23(student), on 30/7/10

The most important use of oxygen is in respiration. Oxygen is of great importance in the chemical and the iron and steel industries. Its other major use is in steel production, for example in the Bessemer process. The oxyacetylene torch is another important industrial application. Oxygen is utilized in medicine in the treatment of respiratory diseases and is mixed with other gases for respiration in submarines, high-flying aircraft, and spacecraft. Liquid oxygen is used as an oxidizer in the fuel systems of large rockets.

Oxygen was formerly the official standard for the atomic weights of elements. The chemists used natural oxygen, a mixture of three isotopes, to which the value of 16 was assigned while the physicists assigned the value of 16 specifically to the oxygen isotope 16. In 1961 carbon-12 replaced oxygen as the standard.

Common Uses of Carbon
In its elemental form, carbon may have very limited uses. But this element has the ability to manifest itself into a very useful substance for a number of things once it combines with another element. Here are some of the commonly found uses of carbon.

Used as a decorative tool in jewelry items.
Used as a base for the ink that is used in inkjet printers.
Used in the rims of automobiles as a black fume pigment.
Vegetal carbon, is sometimes used as a bleaching agent or a gas absorbent.
Carbon (in the form of carbon dioxide) is also used in carbonated and fizzy drinks, fire extinguishers, and also as dry ice when they are in a solid state.
In metallurgy, carbon monoxide is also utilized as a reduction agent in order to derive many other elements and compounds.
Carbon in the form of 'Freon' is also used in cooling devices and systems.
Many metal cutters and heat resistant tools and devices are also manufactured with carbon.

i) Nitrogen is used in high temperature thermometers where mercury cannot be used. This is because mercury boils at 356.7^oC and hence cannot be used in such thermometers. A volume of nitrogen is enclosed in a vessel and introduced into the region of high temperature. Depending upon the temperature, expansion of the nitrogen volume takes place. Then applying the gas equation, the temperature is calculated.

(ii) Nitrogen mixed with argon is used in electric bulbs to provide an inert atmosphere. It helps in prevention of oxidation and evaporation of the filament of the bulb, giving it a longer life.

(iii) It is used to produce a blanketing atmosphere during processing of food stuff, to avoid oxidation of the food. It is also used when food is being canned, so that microorganisms do not grow.

(iv) It is used in metal working operations to control furnace atmosphere and in metallurgy to prevent oxidation of red-hot metals.

(v) Nitrogen in the air helps as a diluting agent and makes combustion and respiration less rapid.

(vi) It is used by the chemical, petroleum, and paint industries to provide inactive atmosphere to prevent fires or explosions.

(vii) It is used in the industrial preparation of ammonia, which is converted into ammonium salts, nitric acid, urea, calcium cyanamide fertilizers etc.

(viii) Liquid nitrogen is used as a refrigerant for food, for storage of blood, cornea etc. in hospitals. Meat, fish etc., can be frozen in seconds by a blast of liquid nitrogen, which can provide temperatures below -196^oC.

(ix) Liquid nitrogen is used in scientific research especially in the field of superconductors.

(x) Nitrogen is essential for synthesis of proteins in plants. Proteins are essential for synthesis of protoplasm, without which life would not exist

(xi) Liquid nitrogen is used in oil fields, to extinguish oil fires.

Sulfur is most commonly used in the manufacture of sulfuric acid which is in turn used for various industrial purposes. The industrial uses of sulfur include use in manufacture of fertilizers, adhesives, animal feed, cement, explosives, glass, fumigants, matches and inorganic chemicals. It is also used in the manufacture of natural rubber, steel and sulfur dioxide. It also finds utility in sugar refining, petroleum refining, soil amendments and manufacture of slat blocks.

Uses of Sulfur Powder
Sulfur powder is used as an active ingredient in many of the skin creams and lotions. It is also used for waste water processing, mineral extraction, manufacture of agrichemicals, fungicides and dyes. Burning sulfur powder is used to bleach paper and for dried fruits preservation.

Medicinal Uses of Sulfur
Sulfur is used in many of the skin treatment ointments, bar soaps, lotions and creams as it is extremely beneficial in the treatment of acne. It is also used as a treatment ingredient for the cure of other skin related disorders like scabies, seborrheic dermatitis, warts, acne vulgaris, rosacea, pityriasis versicolor and dandruff. This is due to the antifungal, antibacterial and keratolytic properties of sulfur. A combination of sulfur and alcohol works wonderfully in the treatment of acne and for tackling oily skin problems. Sulfur solution can also be used to speed up the process of wound healing and was widely used for this purpose during the Trojan wars. Sulfur can also be used to treat piles and is used in homeopathy to treat hypothyroidism and arthritis.

Uses of Sulfur in the Body
Sulfur is extremely essential in the normal functioning of the human body. It is not produced by the human body but needs to be obtained from food sources and in cases of extreme deficiency; it should be obtained by dietary supplementation. Sulfur makes up around 0.25% of the human body weight and is an essential part of all living cells. It is regarded as a nutrient, rather than an element when it comes to the uses of sulfur in the human body. It is essential in the prevention of many disorders and hence, should be necessarily obtained from food or supplementation.

Read more on history of fireworks.

These were some of the uses of sulfur and there are many other uses of this important element. Even though sulfur is considered to be very essential for life, it tends to get toxic if found or obtained excessively and hence, its toxicity should be avoided.

Posted by pratiksha23(student), on 30/7/10

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