1.What  is  thee  role  of  following  in  digestion? a)Trypsin,         b)  HCL     C)Bile      d)  Intestinal  juice
2.Name  the  substances  present  in  gastric  juice. Explain their  function

Dear student,
Please find below the answer:

1. a. Trypsin is secreted by the duodenum of small intestine. when proteins are digested in the stomach the acidic medium is passed as such into the small intestine. the small intestine is incapable of handling such low pH and neither can its enzymes function. Hence trypsin is released to neutralize the acidity.

b. Bile juice is a digestive juice secreted by the liver. Although it does not contain any digestive enzymes, it plays an important role in the digestion of fats. Bile juice has bile salts such as bilirubin and biliverdin. These break down large fat globules into smaller globules in the small intestine so that the pancreatic enzymes can easily act on them. This process is known as the emulsification of fats. Bile juice also makes the medium alkaline and activates lipase.

c. ​​​​​​Gastric acid (HCl) secreted have 3 most important functions in digestion:
  • Provides the first line of defense to prevent infection.
  • Helps to denature proteins for their easy digestion by degrading enzymes such as pepsin.
  • Activates the enzyme precursor pepsinogen into the active enzyme pepsin by its low pH.
d. Intestinal juice is also called succus entericus. It is secreted by the walls of intestine. It contains various digestive enzymes, hormones, mucus, and neutralizing substances.
The intestinal enzymes which help in digesting the food are Maltase (digest maltose into glucose), sucrase  (digest sucrose into glucose and fructose), lactase  (digest lactose into glucose and galactose), dipeptidase  (digest previously digested proteins into amino acids), lipase  (digest previously digested fats into fatty acids and glycerol), nucleotidases, nucleosidase, etc.   

2.  The gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid, pepsin enzyme, and mucus. Their functions are as follows:-
a) Hydrochloric acid: It creates an acidic environment for the action of pepsin as well as kills the bacteria present in the food.
b) Pepsin: It begins the digestion of proteins into smaller molecules.
c) Mucus: It protects the stomach wall from hydrochloric acid.  

Hope this information clears your doubt.
Regards.
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