5 examples of isotopes and 5 examples of isobars

Isotopes are defined as atoms having the same atomic number, but different mass numbers. These atoms contain an equal number of protons and electrons, but a different number of neutrons.

For example, in nature, hydrogen is found in three forms with different mass numbers, namely protium (), deuterium(), and tritium ( ). These are the three naturally occurring isotopesof hydrogen. The atomic number of each isotope is 1, but the mass number varies i.e. it is 1, 2, and 3 respectively. Some other examples of isotopes include C- 12 and C-14, which are isotopes of carbon, and Cl-35 and Cl-37, which are isotopes of chlorine Uranium has three isotopes - U- 235, U- 238 and U- 234.

Isobars are the atoms of different elements having different number of protons and neutrons, but the total number of protons and neutrons, that is the mass number is the same. Examples include ⁴⁰ ₁₈Ar and ₂₀ ⁴⁰ Ca, ⁷⁶₃₂Ce and ⁷⁶₃₄Se; ⁵⁸₂₆Fe and ⁵⁸₂₇Ni etc.