A study found that children with light-coloured eyes are likely to have parents with light-coloured eyes. On this basis, can we say anything about whether the light eye colour trait is dominant or recessive? Why or why not?
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No, since two copies of traits are inherited from parents, one from mother and the other from father. Unless we know the nature of these two variants of a trait we cannot tell which is dominant and which is recessive. Recessive traits appear when both the parents contribute recessive allele. From this statement we can only presume that both parents are contributing recessive allele.