Answer this question in detail. as fast as possible.
Dear student,
Nanoparticle toxicity is assessed by the following mechanisms:
1. Size and surface charge evaluation:
Using zeta potential difference effective charge is identified and simultaneously using DLS rotational and average size of the nanoparticle is calculated. This helps in identifying physical and quantitative parameter based invitro toxicity caused by the nano particle.
2. Cellular assay based analysis:
Hostopathalogical studies are performed after exposure to Nanoparticle to quantitate ability of nanopartie to transport across and interact with cells.
3. Viability assay
Assays like MTT are performed to check effect of Nanoparticle on overall cellular viability. LDH assay is done to check necrosis status
4. Apostolic assay.
Programed cell death due to nanopartie can hinder regeneration and fasten aging thus Assays to check apostolic status are performed. These include flow cytometry using FITC and PI, annexing based FACS, caspase activation assay, TUNEL Assay etc
5. Oxidative stress and inflammation analysis:
genotoxicity and overall cell damage is caused by production of ROS. Thus it is important to check their activity which is done by Flow cytometry using DCFH-DA dye which gets internalized and gives signal upon interacting with ROS.
6. Endotoxin assay
Due to high adsorption strength of nanoparties they may subject biological system to chemical contaminants which otherwise would not be able to cross the semi-permeable membrane, like LPS etc. This may result in generation of an inflammatory response and eventually cellular damage. Thus it is important to monitor endotoxin response, which can be done by ELISA and compliment assay etc.
Regards,
Nanoparticle toxicity is assessed by the following mechanisms:
1. Size and surface charge evaluation:
Using zeta potential difference effective charge is identified and simultaneously using DLS rotational and average size of the nanoparticle is calculated. This helps in identifying physical and quantitative parameter based invitro toxicity caused by the nano particle.
2. Cellular assay based analysis:
Hostopathalogical studies are performed after exposure to Nanoparticle to quantitate ability of nanopartie to transport across and interact with cells.
3. Viability assay
Assays like MTT are performed to check effect of Nanoparticle on overall cellular viability. LDH assay is done to check necrosis status
4. Apostolic assay.
Programed cell death due to nanopartie can hinder regeneration and fasten aging thus Assays to check apostolic status are performed. These include flow cytometry using FITC and PI, annexing based FACS, caspase activation assay, TUNEL Assay etc
5. Oxidative stress and inflammation analysis:
genotoxicity and overall cell damage is caused by production of ROS. Thus it is important to check their activity which is done by Flow cytometry using DCFH-DA dye which gets internalized and gives signal upon interacting with ROS.
6. Endotoxin assay
Due to high adsorption strength of nanoparties they may subject biological system to chemical contaminants which otherwise would not be able to cross the semi-permeable membrane, like LPS etc. This may result in generation of an inflammatory response and eventually cellular damage. Thus it is important to monitor endotoxin response, which can be done by ELISA and compliment assay etc.
Regards,