can u please give information about plant hybrid varieties.

Dear Student,

The crop plants obtained by cross-pollination between the pure line of plants having the desired traits are known as hybrid crop plants. In hybridization, two plants are selected having desirable traits and the anthers of one plant are removed and the pollens of desired plants are dusted on the stigma of these plants. The hybrid plants produced by this method will display desirable traits of both parent plants. The crops grown by implanting these hybrid varieties of plants are known as hybrid crops.

Hybrids often have beneficial characteristics which allow them to survive in adverse conditions. Plant hybrids are often pest-, disease-, and drought- resistant. Fruits of such hybrids are more nutritious and have longer shelf-life and thus can be transported to far off distances without perishing.
The five hybrid varieties of crop plants which have been developed in India are:

Crop plant	Hybrid variety
Wheat	Sonalika and kalian sona
Rice	Jaya and Ratna
Cauliflower	Pusa shubra and Pusa snowball K-1
Cowpea	Pusa komal
Mustard	Pusa swarnim

View Full Answer

In biology a hybrid, also known as cross breed, is the result of mixing, through sexual reproduction, two animals or plants of different breeds, varieties, species or genera. Using genetic terminology, it may be defined as follows.

1- Hybrid generally refers to any offspring resulting from the breeding of two genetically distinct individuals, which usually will result in a high degree of heterozygous, though hybrid and heterozygous are not, strictly speaking, synonymous.
2- a genetic hybrid carries two different alleles of the same gene
3- a structural hybrid results from the fusion of gametes that have differing structure in at least one chromosome, as a result of structural abnormalities
4- a numerical hybrid results from the fusion of gametes having different haploid numbers of chromosomes
5- a permanent hybrid is a situation where only the heterozygous genotype occurs, because all homozygous combinations are lethal.
TYPES OF HYBRID--
Depending on the parents, there are a number of different types of hybrids;

1- Single cross hybrids — result from the cross between two true breeding organisms and produces an F1 generation called an F1 hybrid (F1 is short for Filial 1, meaning "first offspring"). The cross between two different homozygous lines produces an F1 hybrid that is heterozygous; having two alleles, one contributed by each parent and typically one is dominant and the other recessive. Typically, the F1 generation is also phenotypically homogeneous, producing offspring that are all similar to each other.
2- Double cross hybrids — result from the cross between two different F1 hybrids.
3- Three-way cross hybrids — result from the cross between one parent that is an F1 hybrid and the other is from an inbred line.
4- Triple cross hybrids — result from the crossing of two different three-way cross hybrids.
5- Population hybrids — result from the crossing of plants or animals in a population with another population. These include crosses between organisms such as interspecific hybrids or crosses between different breeds.
6- Stable hybrid – a horticultural term which typically refers to an annual plant that, if grown and bred in a small monoculture free of external pollen (e.g., an air-filtered greenhouse) will produce offspring that are "true to type" with respect to phenotype; i.e., a true breeding organism.
7- Hybrid species – results from hybrid populations evolving reproductive barriers against their parent species through hybrid speciation.
HOPE U UNDERSTOOD ..
THIS THING TODAY IT WAS TAUGHT TO ME IN MY TUITION.....