Can you please summarise the differences in work done by the gas and on the gas in chemistry and physics, along with the change in signs respectively?

Dear Student,

Work done on the gas means compression of the gas while work done by the gas means expansion of the gas. 
Since we have to do work to compress the gas so we call it as work done on the gas, while in order to expand the gas has to do work so we call it work done by the gas. 
In chemistry, work done by the gas is taken as negative and work done on the gas is taken as positive. 
It is reverse in physics. We take work done by the gas  as positive and work done on the gas  as negative. 

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