Chapter is human resources ..
Solution -
Such questions are made for enhancing self-creative skills and should be tried answering on your own. However, here are a few points that will help you in framing your answer:
Such questions are made for enhancing self-creative skills and should be tried answering on your own. However, here are a few points that will help you in framing your answer:
1.Causes of Population growth -Increase in Birth Rate
One of the major causes responsible for the growth of the population is the high birth rate. During the 1891-1990 period, the birth rate declined from 45.8 per thousand in India, but it is still considered high. So, unfortunately, in India, the birth rate number has not seen a decrease inspite of the framing laws in terms of family planning, population education, campaigns, etc.
2.Decrease in Death Rate
2.Decrease in Death Rate
In recent years, the decrease in the death rate is another factor contributing to the rapid growth of the population. In 2001, the death rate in India was about 8.5 per thousand. The death rate has seen a decrease due to advancements in the medical field. For example, Chronic diseases like typhoid, chickenpox, etc., are no longer dreaded. Even the infant mortality rate has decreased because of proper sanitation facilities, cleanliness, and better prenatal and postnatal care.
3.Early Marriage
3.Early Marriage
Early marriage is also an essential factor for the rapid increase in population. In India, the marriage age of a girl is 18, which is very low compared to other countries, which is about 23 to 25 years. It leads to a longer span of reproductive activity and increases in children.
4.Effects of Population Explosion
4.Effects of Population Explosion
1. The problem of Unemployment:
An increase in population leads to a vast army of the labour force. But, it is difficult to employ such an extensive labour working force due to a shortage of capital resources. In rural areas, disguised unemployment and in urban areas, open unemployment are fundamental features of an underdeveloped country like India.
2. More Pressure on Land
Overpopulation creates more pressure on land. It adversely affects the economic development of the country. On the one hand, per capita availability of land goes on diminishing and on the other, the problem of subdivision and fragmentation of holdings increases.
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