Co2+ is easily oxidised to Co3+ ion in the presence of ligands . WHY?

Co+2 ions can be easily oxidized to Co+3 ions because the crystal field stabalisation energy of Co+3 ion with a d6 configuration is higher than Co+2 ion with a d7 configuration. For a Co+3, we have

CFSE = [6 X (-0.4)] X 0 + 3P = -2.40 + 3P

Where 0 is the Crystal field splitting energy and P is the mean pairing energy.

For a Co+2 , we have

CFSE = [6 X (-0.4) + 1 X 0.6] X 0 + 3P = -1.8 0 + 3P

as shown below:

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