describe the process of bacterial cell is made competent. why is it essential to make bacterial cell competent in DNA TECHNOLOGY

Competent cells are the bacterial cells which are  ready to use for DNA technology.  They have altered cell walls through which  foreign DNA can be passed easily. 
The  method for making the bacteria competent is to suspend them in solution of high concentration of calcium ions. By this competency is achieved by creating pores in the bacterial cell wall.

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