describe the whole process of nitrogen cycle...nd what is the definition of this term???
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Nitrogen cycle is the biogeochemical cycle that describes the transformations of nitrogen and nitrogen cotaining compoubds in nature.
Atmospheric nitrogen is converted into nitrogenous compounds or is ammonified by nitrogen-fixing bacteria like Nostoc. These substances are then denitrified into atmospheric nitrogen again by the denitrifying bacteria like alkaligenes.
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(ii) Ammonification: Death and decay of plant bodies release ammonia into the atmosphere. Animals also give out ammonia along with urea and uric acid as excretory products. These nitrogenous compounds are converted to ammonia by putrefying bacteria and the process is known as ammonification.
(iii) Nitrification: Ammonia is then onverted first into nitrites and then into nitrates by the nitrifying bacteria, the process being called as nitrification. Plants generally take up nitrates and nitrites and convert them into amino acids.
(iv) Denitrification: When the animal or the plant dies, denitrifving bacteria in the soil convert the various compounds of nitrogen back into nitrates and nitrites. The nitrates and nitrites are çonverted into elemental nitrogen by Pseudomonas. This process is called denitrification.
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Atmospheric nitrogen is converted into nitrogenous compounds or is ammonified?by nitrogen-fixing bacteria like Nostoc. These substances are then denitrified into atmospheric nitrogen again by the denitrifying bacteria like alkaligenes.
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- Nitrogen fixation (N2 to NH3/ NH4+ or NO3-)
- Nitrification (NH3 to NO3-)
- Assimilation (Incorporation of NH3 and NO3- into biological tissues)
- Ammonification (organic nitrogen compounds to NH3)
- Denitrification(NO3- to N2)
Some examples of the nitrogen cycle include the following: A plant takes nitrogenfrom the soil by absorbing it through its roots. The nitrogen comes in the form ofnitrogen ions. When the nitrogen is absorbed by the plant, it is reduced to nitrite ions.
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Nitrogen fixation- The conversion of free atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogenous compounds is called nitrogen fixation. it occurs by the following ways-
(a) Lightning: when lightning strikes, nitrogen and oxygen of the atmosphere react and form oxides of nitrogen. these dissolve in nitrogen and form nitric acid. Nitric acid reacts with limestone in the soil and converts into nitrates.
(b) Biological nitrogen fixation: Certain plants called leguminous plants contain rhizobium bacteria in their root nodules. the bacterium can take atmospheric nitrogen and convert it into nitrogen compounds.
Nitrogen Assimilation- The process of conversion of inorganic nitrogen compounds into organic compounds that become a part of living organisms is called nitrogen assimilation.
Ammonification- When plants and animals die, the proteins present in them are converted into ammonium compounds by the putrefying bacteria and fungi found in the soil. This process is called ammonification.
Nitrification- Ammonium salt in the soil is converted first into nitrites by Nitrosomonas bacteria. The nitrites are then converted into nitrates by nitrobacter bacteria. The nitrates so formed can once again be absorbed by the plants. This process is called nitrification.
Denitrification- Some of the nitrates are absorbed by the plants. Rest of the nitrates in the soil are converted by Pseudomonas bacteria into nitrogen gas which escapes into the atmosphere. This process is called denitrification.
Hope this helped! :)
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Nitrogen fixation- The conversion of free atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogenous compounds is called nitrogen fixation. it occurs by the following ways-
(a) Lightning: when lightning strikes, nitrogen and oxygen of the atmosphere react and form oxides of nitrogen. these dissolve in nitrogen and form nitric acid. Nitric acid reacts with limestone in the soil and converts into nitrates.
(b) Biological nitrogen fixation: Certain plants called leguminous plants contain rhizobium bacteria in their root nodules. the bacterium can take atmospheric nitrogen and convert it into nitrogen compounds.
Nitrogen Assimilation- The process of conversion of inorganic nitrogen compounds into organic compounds that become a part of living organisms is called nitrogen assimilation.
Ammonification- When plants and animals die, the proteins present in them are converted into ammonium compounds by the putrefying bacteria and fungi found in the soil. This process is called ammonification.
Nitrification- Ammonium salt in the soil is converted first into nitrites by Nitrosomonas bacteria. The nitrites are then converted into nitrates by nitrobacter bacteria. The nitrates so formed can once again be absorbed by the plants. This process is called nitrification.
Denitrification- Some of the nitrates are absorbed by the plants. Rest of the nitrates in the soil are converted by Pseudomonas bacteria into nitrogen gas which escapes into the atmosphere. This process is called denitrification.
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hope it helps
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The nitrogen cycle is the biogeochemical cycle by which nitrogen is converted into multiple chemical forms as it circulates among atmosphere, terrestrial, and marine ecosystems. The conversion of nitrogen can be carried out through both biological and physical processes. Important processes in the nitrogen cycle include fixation, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification. The majority of Earth's atmosphere (78%) is atmosphere nitrogen,[16] making it the largest source of nitrogen. However, atmospheric nitrogen has limited availability for biological use, leading to a scarcity of usable nitrogen in many types of ecosystems.
The nitrogen cycle is of particular interest to ecologists because nitrogen availability can affect the rate of key ecosystem processes, including primary production and decomposition. Human activities such as fossil fuel combustion, use of artificial nitrogen fertilizers, and release of nitrogen in wastewater have dramatically altered the global nitrogen cycle.Human modification of the global nitrogen cycle can negatively affect the natural environment system and also human health.
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Nitrogen cycle is the biogeochemical cycle that describes the transformations of nitrogen and nitrogen cotaining compoubds in nature.
Atmospheric nitrogen is converted into nitrogenous compounds or is ammonified by nitrogen-fixing bacteria like Nostoc. These substances are then denitrified into atmospheric nitrogen again by the denitrifying bacteria like alkaligenes.
Nitrogen cycle, circulation of nitrogen in various forms through nature. Nitrogen, a component of proteins and nucleic acids, is essential to life on Earth. Although 78 percent by volume of the atmosphere is nitrogen gas, this abundant reservoir exists in a form unusable by most organisms. Through a series of microbial transformations, however, nitrogen is made available to plants, which in turn ultimately sustain all animal life. The steps, which are not altogether sequential, fall into the following classifications: nitrogen fixation, nitrogen assimilation, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification.
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It is done through the action of lightning and by the nitrogen fixing bacteria Rhizobium and Blue Green Algae.
This process goes on and so the amout of nirogen present in the atmosphere remains constant.
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Nitrogen Cycle is a biogeochemical process through which nitrogen is converted into many forms, consecutively passing from the atmosphere to the soil to organism and back into the atmosphere. It involves several processes such as nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, decay and putrefaction.
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In general, the nitrogen cycle has five steps:
- Nitrogen fixation (N2 to NH3/ NH4+ or NO3-)
- Nitrification (NH3 to NO3-)
- Assimilation (Incorporation of NH3 and NO3- into biological tissues)
- Ammonification (organic nitrogen compounds to NH3)
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