Difference between hormone action in protein hormone and steroid hormone
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A hormone is a chemical messenger that regulates physiological processes in living organisms. It is secreted by a gland.
Mechanism of Hormone Action
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Hormones exhibit their effects only after binding to their specific receptors located in the target tissues to form hormone-receptor complex.
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Membrane-bound receptors: Present on the cell membrane of the target cell
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Intracellular receptors: Present inside the target cell
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This specific reaction leads to biochemical changes in the target tissue, and regulates its metabolism and physiological changes.
Mechanism of action of protein hormones :Hormones interacting with the membrane-bound receptors (insulin, glucagon, pituitary and hypothalamic hormones) do not enter the cells, but generate secondary messengers (e.g., cyclic AMP, IP3). These secondary messengers regulate cellular metabolism.
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Mechanism of action of steroid hormones: -
Hormones interacting with the intracellular receptors (e.g., steroid hormones, iodothyronines) regulate gene expression by the interaction of the hormone-receptor complex with the genome.
Hope this information will clear your doubts about the mechanism of action of protein and steroid hormones.
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