Distinguish between the following: a. Exarch andendarch condition of protoxylem b. Stele and vascular bundle c. Protoxylem and metaxylem

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Please find below the solution to the asked query:
a). In a vascular bundle endarch is the arrangement when the protoxylem or the older xylem is towards the inside and metaxylem or newly formed xylem is towards the outside.
Exarch is the condition when the protoxylem is towards the outside and metaxylem is towads the inside .


b). Stele is the term used in case of vascular plants. It refers to central part of root and stem containing all the tissues derived from procambium.Stele contains vascular tissues and also ground tissue such as pith if present and pericycle as outermost boundary. In other words, we can refer stele as all the tissues such as pericycle, pith, vascular bundle on the inner side of endodermis in case of roots of the plant.

Vascular bundle is the longitudinal arrangement of the strands of conducting tissues i,e xylem and phloem and sometimes cambium in the roots and stems of plant. These are the part of vascular tissues and form chief conducting parts of the plant.


c). The first formed primary xylem is called protoxylem and the later formed primary xylem is called metaxylem.


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