Even after checkpoint is there in cell cycle, why some have abnormalities and are having defects?

Dear Student.
Please find below the solution to the asked query.

 If there is any error during cell cycle, checkpoint will detect it, and accordingly will prevent the progression of cell to the next phase. Checkpoints can delay G1 or make the cell enter a quiescent phase known as G0.

The main significance of checkpoints in cell cycle are;
  • It accurately controls the process of mitosis.
  • The checkpoints help in rectifying the errors during the DNA replication, chromosome distribution etc.
  • It is a surveillance mechanism and quality control mechanism of the genome thereby maintains the genomic integrity.
  • The failure in the checkpoints will cause the mutations, genomic arrangements which will result in the genetic abnormality(instability) in the organisms. 
  • The genetic instability is the root cause of the birth defects and many genetic diseases, cancers etc.
  • This study is very important for revealing mechanisms of genome maintenance.
However, there may be instances where the checkpoint has not been able to perform it's function efficiently. In all such cases the cell may have certain abnormalities.

Hope this information will clear your doubts about the topic.
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Regards.

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