explain band theory & magnetic properties of solids in detail ,?
Dear Student,
Solids exhibit a wide range of conductivities, based upon which they are classified as conductors, semi-conductors and insulators. These conductivity usually depends upon the number of valence electrons available per atom.
Atomic orbitals of atoms form molecular orbitals, and it is these molecular orbitals which behaves like a Band or an energy states.
If the valence band is partially filled or overlapped by the higher unoccupied band i.e. conduction band, then in such a case the electrons can flow easily and can hence be called as conducting. On the contrary, if the gap between a valence band and conduction band is large enough that the electrons cannot jump between them, then they behave like an Insulator.
There is an another class of solids which are semi-conductors, wherein the gap between the valence band and the conduction band is small and the electrons can jump from the valence band to the conduction band and can show some conductivity. Their conductivity is a function of temperature as more electrons can be excited with rise in temperatures.
Please post that query of magnetic properties of solids in a different thread .
Solids exhibit a wide range of conductivities, based upon which they are classified as conductors, semi-conductors and insulators. These conductivity usually depends upon the number of valence electrons available per atom.
Atomic orbitals of atoms form molecular orbitals, and it is these molecular orbitals which behaves like a Band or an energy states.
If the valence band is partially filled or overlapped by the higher unoccupied band i.e. conduction band, then in such a case the electrons can flow easily and can hence be called as conducting. On the contrary, if the gap between a valence band and conduction band is large enough that the electrons cannot jump between them, then they behave like an Insulator.
There is an another class of solids which are semi-conductors, wherein the gap between the valence band and the conduction band is small and the electrons can jump from the valence band to the conduction band and can show some conductivity. Their conductivity is a function of temperature as more electrons can be excited with rise in temperatures.
Please post that query of magnetic properties of solids in a different thread .