Explain centre-state relation in a federal country?

Solution -
Centre-State Relations are an important part of Indian Polity as it allows us to learn about the dual quality of having the division of power between the Centre and the state. The Centre and the state are considered supreme in their sphere. The Centre-state relations are majorly divided into three roles which are-
-Legislative relations
-Administrative relations
-Financial relations
Legislative Relations Between Centre and State
The legislative relations between the Centre and state are discussed in Articles 245 to 255. Like ideal federalism should go, the Centre and state are discussed in Articles 245 to 255.
Distribution of Executive Powers
Executive powers have been divided between the Centre and the state. These extend to the whole of India on two major grounds-
 
-On the matters in which the Parliament has the exclusive power of Legislation.
-For exercising the rights, the jurisdiction and authority conferred on it by some agreements.
Integrated Judicial System
Earlier in this article, we discussed that there is no provision for the decentralization of powers in the Judiciary System. Still, the constitution has established the Supreme Court at Union and state high courts. This step was taken to reduce the diversities in the remedial procedures.
 
The President of India appoints the High Court Judges after consultations with the Chief Justice of India and the Governor of State. Interestingly, there is a provision for establishing a common High Court for two or more states. For example,- Maharashtra- Goa, and Punjab-Haryana have common High Courts.
Financial Relations Between Centre and State
The Centre-State Financial Relations are divided on certain parameters as-
 
Allocation of Taxing Power
The taxation powers between the Centre and state are divided in the following ways-
 
-The Parliament can levy taxes on the 13 subjects enlisted in the union list.
-The state can levy the taxes on 18 subjects on the state list.
-The concurrent jurisdiction isn't available for taxation.

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