Explain 'internal field emission' and 'band to band tunneling' in zener diode.

Internal field emission:
Internal field emission is also known as Zener break down.
Zener diode is the heavily doped pn junction diode.
These heavily doped diode have very thin depletion layer therefore electrons can easily move from valance band to conduction band after applying small amount of voltage, so we get sudden increase in current, this happens when diode is reverse biased.
This sudden increase in current is known as Zener break down or Internal field emission.
And this increase in current can be controlled by varying the voltage so zener breakdown does not damage the diode.


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