Explain the detailed History About Gregor Mendel?

Mendel is known as father of genetics. He was German-speaking Moravian scientist. He was born on July 20, 1822 in Czech Republic and died on January 6, 1884 in Czech Republic.

He explained mechanism of transfer of character from one generation to other.  He gave law of segregation which states two factors of a character do not get mixed and separate at time of gametogenesis, distribute to different gametes and then pair again in different offspring as per principle of probability. He also gave law of independent assortment which states that two factors of each character separate independent of factor of other characters at time of gamete formation and get randomly re arranged in offspring.
He also gave law of dominance that states there are two types of factors or alleles for a gene, dominant and recessive. The factor which expresses itself in heterozygous condition is the dominant factor; while, the other one is recessive.

He selected 7 varieties of pea plant and worked on them. He found that they were pure and gave offspring resembling parent.  He performed various types of cross breed and then allowed offspring to self breed.