Explain the mechanism of hearing in human being

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Our ears helps us in hearing. 
The ear drum starts vibrating back and forth rapidly when the sound waves fall on the ear drum. The vibrating eardrum sets the small bone hammer into vibration. The vibrations are passed from the hammer to the second bone anvil and finally to the third bone stirrup. The vibrating stirrup strikes on the membrane of the oval window and passes its vibration to the liquid in the cochlea. This produces electrical impulses in the nerve cells. The auditory nerve carries these electrical impulses to the brain. These electrical impulses are interpreted by the brain as sound and we get sensation of hearing.
 

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  1. Sound waves change the pressure that stimulates the movement of the tympanic membrane.
  2. This cause vibration of tympanic membrane.
  3. These vibrations of membrane are then transmitted to oval window via the ossicular chain.
  4. Due to this transmission, perilymph of scala vestibule vibrates that disturb reissner’s membrane.
  5. Now the waves enter endolymph in scala media that vibrates basilar membrane.
  6. Membrane around the window oscillates. This shows that when the movement of stapes goes inward, the membrane around the window moves outward.
  7. High pitched sound makes displacement of basilar membrane more close to the window.
  8. Simultaneously, high pitched sounds stimulate the nerve impulse in the corti, situated at the basal part of basilar membrane.
  9. The transmitted nerve impulse effect specific part of the auditory area.
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