Give a brief account of viruses with respect to their structure and nature of genetic material. Also name four common viral diseases.

Virusesare sub-microscopic infectious agents that can infect all livingorganisms. A virus consists of genetic material surrounded by aprotein coat. The genetic material may be present in the form of DNAor RNA.

Mostof the viruses, infecting plants, have single stranded RNA as geneticmaterial. On the other hand, the viruses infecting animals havesingle or double stranded RNA or double stranded DNA.

Bacteriophagesor viruses infecting bacteria mostly have double stranded DNA. Theirprotein coat called capsid is made up of capsomere subunits. Thesecapsomeres are arranged in helical or polyhedral geometric forms.

A.I.D.S,small pox, mumps, and influenza are some common examples of viraldiseases.

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