Give an account of Mendel's monohybrid cross. What inference did Mendel draw from this experiment?

Dear student, Mendel selected Garden Pea, having 34 varieties for his experiment. He raised them for pure varieties. Plants with contrasting traits were cross-pollinated. The hybrid plants produce were allowed to grow and undergo self pollination. These were now called F2 seeds. The seeds and the plants of each generation were examined for characters used in experimentation. Mendel maintained record of each crossing. The ratio obtained were analysed on the basis of law of probability. Following inferences were made by Mendel:- 1. Each character is controlled by pair of unit factors. A purely tall plants has both alleles for tallness whereas purely dwarf plants has both alleles for dwarfness whereas hybrid has one factor each of tallness and dwarfness. 2. Out of the two dissimilar unit factor of hybrid, only one expresses its effect. One which expresses its effect is dominant factor while other which do not is recessive factor. 3. The two units factors of a character present in an individual separate and pass into different gametes. A gamete, has only one factor of a character. This is also known as principle of segregation. 4. In a cross between two Pea plants pure for traits of two characters. Mendel obtained a dihybrid in F1 generation. On self breeding the dihybrid produced four types of offspring. Two types were similar to parents while the remaining two types had recombination of traits-first dominant second recessive, second dominant first recessive. This is possible if the unit factors of the two characters assort independently of each other. This is also called principle of independent assortment. Thank You!

  • 1
What are you looking for?