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give the characteristics and effects of monsoon rainfall in india

Chief Characteristics and Effects of the Monsoons or Monsoon Rainfall

(a) The monsoons account for 90% of the rainfall received by India. Almost every part of the country except the east coast of Tamil Nadu receives the bulk of rainfall from the summer monsoons.

(b) The rainfall is neither continuous nor regular even in the wettest areas.

(c) Overall rainfall is not the same each year. The monsoons may be strong or weak in a particular year depending on the intensity and frequency of depression in the Bay of Bengal.

(d) The monsoon rains are not evenly distributed.

(e) A low pressure near the Himalayas may result in heavy rains in the hills causing floods in the plains or the plains may face prolonged dry spells.

(f) Sometimes, the monsoons may break too early or too late. There may be too long or too many breaks in the monsoons, which may retreat too early or too late. All these factors upset the agricultural operations making agriculture in India a mere gamble.

Sometimes, the effects of the monsoons or its uneven distribution create a number of problems. Like if there is too much rain it causes floods and havoc all around. On the other hand insufficient rain in a year or over some years results in draught, famine, food-insecurity, starvation and death.    

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Characteristics of Monsoon Rainfall in India:

i. Monsoon winds are not trades as trade winds are steady and permanent winds.

ii. They are not steady winds but are pulsating in nature.

iii. They are affected by different atmospheric conditions encountered by it. On its way over the warm tropical seas.

iv. The duration of the monsoon varies from 100 to 120 days from early June to mid- September.

v. Around the time of its arrival, the normal rainfall increase suddenly and continues regularly for several days.

Vii. This is called the 'burst' of the monsoon.

viii. They are distinguished from the pre-monsoon showers because of their increase in rainfall amount and regularity.

ix. The monsoon arrives at the southern tip of the Indian Peninsula generally by the first week of June.

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Characteristics of monsoon rainfall in India:

(i) The duration of the monsoon is between 100 to 120 days from early June to mid-September.

(ii) Around the time of its arrival, the normal rainfall increases suddenly and continues for several days. This is known as the burst of the monsoon.

(iii) The monsoon has characteristic wet and dry spells or breaks in rainfall. The monsoon rains take place only for a few days at a time. They are interspersed with rainless intervals.

(iv) The moisture is carried by pulsating south westerlies that are affected by different atmospheric conditions, thereby giving monsoon rains an uncertain character. The annual rainfall is highly variable from year to year

(v) The rainfall is unevenly distributed across the Indian landscape. Parts of the western coast and north-eastern India receive the maximum rainfall. Regions such as parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Leh and the leeward side of the Western Ghats receive very little rainfall.

Effects of monsoon rainfall in India:

(a) Indian agriculture is largely dependent upon the water from the monsoon rains. Late, low or excessive rains have a negative impact upon crops.

(b) Due to the uneven distribution of rainfall across the country, there are some regions that are drought prone and some that are flood afflicted.

(c) The monsoon provides India with a distinct climatic pattern. Hence, in spite of the presence of great regional variations, it has a unifying influence upon the country and its people.

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The phenomenon of monsoon refers to the seasonal reversal of winds. The offshore winds that blow from north-east direction are reversed into onshore south western winds. This phenomenon is based upon differential heating of land and ocean bodies. During summer in the Indian subcontinent, the large landmass gets heated up more rapidly than the neighbouring seas. As a result, the air above land expands and rises up. The moisture laden winds arrive on the western coast of India from the south western side and cause heavy rainfall on the windward side of the Western Ghats. The leeward side, however, receives little rain. Further rain occurs in the northern plains and north-east parts of India with the branching of the monsoon. The monsoon is also aided by the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone or monsoon trough near the equator where winds from northern and southern hemisphere merge. The landmass of the Indian subcontinent cools up around September with the sun retreating south. The ocean bodies, which lose heat slowly, retain the summer heat. The cooler high pressure air moves towards the low pressure over the ocean and causes the retreating north-east monsoon. It mainly causes rainfall along the eastern coast of India.

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monsson is very irregular

it have the tendancy to have breaks

about 90%of rainfall is caused by monsoon in india

although the most imp reason is that they are irregular they might have breaks earlier or after

they may fail or will not occur due to the so and el nino

effects are like they are necessary for crops and they cool down the earth !

there can also be floods and devastating effects too

thats all cheers

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) The monsoons account for 90% of the rainfall received by India. Almost every part of the country except the east coast of Tamil Nadu receives the bulk of rainfall from the summer monsoons.
(b) The rainfall is neither continuous nor regular even in the wettest areas.
(c) Overall rainfall is not the same each year. The monsoons may be strong or weak in a particular year depending on the intensity and frequency of depression in the Bay of Bengal.
(d) The monsoon rains are not evenly distributed.
(e) A low pressure near the Himalayas may result in heavy rains in the hills causing floods in the plains or the plains may face prolonged dry spells.

. Monsoon winds are not trades as trade winds are steady and permanent winds.

ii. They are not steady winds but are pulsating in nature.

iii. They are affected by different atmospheric conditions encountered by it. On its way over the warm tropical seas.

iv. The duration of the monsoon varies from 100 to 120 days from early June to mid- September.

v. Around the time of its arrival, the normal rainfall increase suddenly and continues regularly for several days.

Vii. This is called the 'burst' of the monsoon.

viii. They are distinguished from the pre-monsoon showers because of their increase in rainfall amount and regularity.

ix. The monsoon arrives at the southern tip of the Indian Peninsula generally by the first week of June.

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Characteristics of monsoon rainfall in India

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