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Give the purpose and results of a test cross.

Test cross is a cross in which an individual with an unknown dominant phenotype is crossed with an individual (parent) homozygous recessive for that trait. 

The phenotypes produced by test cross will tell the number of different gametes formed by parental genotype. This will help to identify whether the the given plant is heterozygous or homozygous.Such as if all the offspring produced after test cross, is of similar phenotype, then the genotype of the parent, will be considered as homozygous. If half of the offsprings show the phenotype whose gene is dominant and the other half shows the phenotype whose gene is recessive, then the genotype of the parent will be considered as heterozygous.

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purpose of test cross is to find the homo/heterozygosity of the parent i.e the genotype of the parent species.

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The purpose of test cross is to find the genotype of any desired plant (i.e., whether the plant is homozygous or heterozygous). The resulting offspring of the test cross may be;

1) all of similar phenotype (if the genotype of the desired plant is homozygous)

2) half of the offsprings show the phenotype whose gene is dominant and the other half exhibit the phenotype whose gene is recessive (if the genotype of the desired plant is heterozygous)

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