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how do parkyotic and eukaryotic resemble

Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic cells  are cells without a nucleus. The DNA in prokaryotic cells is in the cytoplasm rather than enclosed within a nuclear membrane. Prokaryotic cells are found in single-celled organisms, such as bacteria, like the one shown in Figure below. Organisms with prokaryotic cells are called prokaryotes. They were the first type of organisms to evolve and are still the most common organisms today.

 



Eukaryotic Cells

Eukaryotic cells are cells that contain a nucleus. A typical eukaryotic cell is shown in Figure below. Eukaryotic cells are usually larger than prokaryotic cells, and they are found mainly in multicellular organisms. Organisms with eukaryotic cells are called eukaryotes, and they range from fungi to people.

Eukaryotic cells also contain other organelles besides the nucleus. An organelle is a structure within the cytoplasm that performs a specific job in the cell. Organelles called mitochondria, for example, provide energy to the cell, and organelles called vacuoles store 

 substances in the cell. Organelles allow eukaryotic cells to carry out more functions than prokaryotic cells can. This allows eukaryotic cells to have greater cell specificity than prokaryotic cells. Ribosomes, the organelle where proteins are made, are the only organelles in prokaryotic cells.

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Similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
  1.  The presence of RNA and the genetic material, i.e., the presence of DNA is common between the two cells.
  2. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have a cell membrane covering them. The plasma membrane, or cell membrane, is the phospholipid layer that surrounds the cell and protects them from the outside environment.
  3.  Both resemblances in their basic chemical structures as they are made up of carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acid, minerals, fats, and vitamins.
  4.  Both of them have ribosomes, which make proteins. Ribosomes are the non-membrane bound organelles where proteins are made, a process called protein synthesis.
  5.  Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have structures in common. They have cytoplasm, with all the contents of the cell inside the cell membrane, not including the nucleus.
  6.  They regulate the flow of nutrients and waste matter that enters and exits the cellulose.
  7.  Basic life processes like photosynthesis and reproduction are carried out by them.
  8.  Both have a cytoskeleton within the cell to support them. They have a thin extension of the plasma membrane which is supported by the cytoskeleton.


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