How does primary succession start in water and lead to the climax community? Explain.

Succession initiated with the establishment of pioneer communities in a wet area or in the water-rich area is termed as hydrarch succession. Stages involved in hydrarch succession progresses from hydric to mesic condition and finally to a climax community is as follows: a) In the initial stage, phytoplanktons began to multiply in the pond water and they qucikly becomes the pioneer colonizers. b) The free-floating angiosperms replaces the small phytoplanktons. c) The free-floating angiosperms are then replaced by rooted, submerged hydrophytes like Hydrilla , Potamogeton, Vallisneria, etc. d) After, the species of Cyperaceae and Gramineae such as Carex, Juncus, etc colonize the area. They form a mat-like vegetation with the help of their branched rhizomatous system. e) In the final stage, the species of shrubs and a variety of trees becomes dominant and forms the climax community. Hope this information will clear your doubts about the topic. If you have any more doubts just ask here on the forum and our experts will try to help you out as soon as possible.