how many drugs can be classified on the basis of their activity?

On the basis of action, drugs are classified as:

     - Antacids: The drugs that target acidity or over-acid production in one's stomach.
    - Antihistamines:  These drugs target histamines that are responsible for nasal congestion associated with cold.
    - Neurologically Active Drugs:
        (a) Tranquilizers : Tranquilizers are a class of chemical compounds used for the treatment of stress, and mild or even severe mental diseases.
    
       (b)​ Analgesics: reduce or abolish pain without causing impairment of consciousness, mental confusion, incoordination or paralysis or some other disturbances of nervous system. These are classified as follows: (i) Non-narcotic (non-addictive) analgesics (ii) Narcotic drugs.

    - Antimicrobials:
       (i) Antibacterial: Antibiotics are used as drugs to treat infections because of their low toxicity for humans and animals. 
       (ii) ​Antiseptics and disinfectants: Antiseptics and disinfectants are also the chemicals which either kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms.
  
     - Antifertility : These drugs used for birth control.

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Classification of drugs are of 2 types -
a) Tranquilizers--- affect the Central Nervous System(CNS)(causes mood swings in other words) Directly and are Neurologically Active Drugs. 
b)Analgesics -- In short Pain Killers , do not affect the CNS
AND 
Under Analgesics they are again of 2 types --- 
1. Narcotic - They are addiction causing and are mostly derivatives of Barbibutarates(check spelling)
2.Non narcotic- Non Addicting, Obtained from mostly Opium, for medical uses Only(pain relieveing)
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OOPS I MADE A MISTAKE PLS CORRECT....
Under Analgesics----
1.NARCOTIC == Addiction causing, Obtained from Opium and used for medical purpose(pain relieving)
2.NON NARCOTIC== non addicting, used for fever reducing fever and has anti blood clotting properties thus perventing heart Attack.

AND 
Barbiturates come under Tranquillizers..

sorry for inconvenience.
 
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refer pg 445 of NCERT Chem part 2
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