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how was the formula (torque =pEsin o)  obtained??

In first chapter of physics ,  as the dipole in an uniform external field is under the action of two equal & opposite forces (q+ & q- ) , which gives rise to a Torque which is equal to pE sin theta . This formula is used in this chapter to find Potential energy of an electric dipole in an uniform external field .

Hope u can understand this & refer to the first chapter  to clear your doubt .

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 torque can be writtn as force applied on the dipole*arm of the dipole..

ie; force applied is q*E  and arm of dipole is d* sin theta..this is bcoz  theta is the angle made by the dipole in the electric field..

so..qd=p

thus torque=pEsin theta

hope u gt ur ans

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we can consider an el dipole of charg q and dipole moment p.     force on +q is qe same as direction of electric field e.     f on -q is also qe bt opposite to dirctin of qe.    as 2 forces r equal & opposte net force on the dipole is zero.this results in a torque toe.       torq= one of the force*perpendicular distance= qe*2asin theta                                                                                       [perpendicular distnc=2asin theta,from figure]      .now we knowdipole moment=charge*seperation,thus p=q*2a.replacing q*2a by p in the above mentioned equation we get torq= pe sin theta                                                                  hope u understood  

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Hope u get it

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