i want short note on
1.Awadh
2.Sikhs
Ch-10 History
Awadh:
Sikhs:
- Awadh was a state that came under the old Mughal provinces during the 18th century India.
- It was founded by Sa’adat Khan who was initially high Mughal Nobility but later became Governor of Awadh.
- Awadh was a prosperous region, controlling the rich alluvial Ganga plain and the main trade route between north India and Bengal.
- The administration was efficient with the combined offices of subadari, diwani and faujdari.
- The state depended on local bankers and mahajans for loans and ijaradars (revenue farmers) tax collection.
Sikhs:
- During the 17th century the Sikhs were organised into a political community which helped them make Punjab a regional state.
- Guru Gobind Singh founded the institution of the Khalsa in 1699. He fought many battles against the Rajput and Mughal rulers, both before and after the institution of the Khalsa.
- After the death of Guru Gobind Singh in 1708, the Khalsa rose in revolt against the Mughal authority under Banda Bahadur’s leadership.
- Punjab declared its sovereign rule by striking coins in the name of Guru Nanak and Guru Gobind Singh, and established their own administration between the Sutlej and the Yamuna.